Solenoid Valves vs. Ball Valves

A solenoid valve is an electrically powered shut-off valve often used to facilitate the transport of clean liquids and gasses. Just as the name suggests, the key component of a solenoid valve is a solenoid — an electric coil with a moveable magnetic plunger in the center.

These fast-acting valves work by way of electromagnetic energy. When at rest, the magnetic plunger closes off a small orifice. When powered by an electric current, a magnetic field is generated, exerting force upon the solenoid’s plunger. This causes the plunger to move in an upward motion, opening the port in the process.

Solenoid valves are a top choice for manufacturers, as they can control the release, distribution and mixing of fluid, air and gas with fast cycle times. Their capacity to work with various materials makes them a versatile valve option that can be used in many different applications.

There are three main types of solenoid valves:

2-way Solenoid Valve:

• • Includes an inlet and outlet linked to the flow source
  • Offers only two options: open or closed
  • Closes to stop fluid media, opens to allow media flow

3-way Solenoid Valve:

• • Contains three ports
  • Includes three control settings: normally closed, normally open and general
  • Is capable of diverting media through different ports

4-way Solenoid Valve:

• • Functions as a double-acting cylinder
  • Is equipped with one or two exhaust ports, two-cylinder ports, a pressure port and multiple connectors

Solenoid valves are used in various industries and systems that require highly responsive on-off controls, with a few of the most common including:

• • Heating
  • Compressed air
  • Vacuum
  • Irrigation
  • Car washes

Solenoid valves are also used to control other pneumatically actuated valves such as pneumatically actuated ball valves. Some ball valve manufacturers will offer integral solenoid valves with their pneumatic actuators. The solenoid valve serves to divert the compressed air to the appropriate port on the pneumatic actuator when signal voltage is introduced.