Time:2020-03-30
Disposable isolation gowns, disposable protective clothing, and disposable surgical gowns are all personal protective equipment commonly used in hospitals. However, in the process of clinical supervision, we often find that medical personnel are a bit confused about these three. After consulting the information, I will talk about the similarities and differences between the three from the following aspects.
First??Function
Disposable gowns: Protective products used by medical personnel to avoid contamination by blood, body fluids, and other infectious substances, or to protect patients from infection. Isolation gowns are two-way isolations that prevent medical personnel from being infected or contaminated and prevent patients from being infected.
Disposable protective clothing: Disposable protective equipment worn by clinical medical personnel when they come in contact with patients with infectious diseases managed by type A or infectious diseases. Protective clothing protects medical personnel from infection and is a single item of isolation.
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Disposable surgical gown: The surgical gown plays a two-way protective role during the operation. First, the surgical gown establishes a barrier between the patient and the medical staff. During the operation, the probability of the medical staff contacting the patient’s blood or other body fluids and other potential infection sources is reduced. Second, the surgical gown can block the colonization / adhesion to the medical staff’s skin or clothing Various bacteria on the surface are transmitted to surgical patients, effectively preventing cross-infection of multi-resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE), and the like. Therefore, the barrier function of surgical gowns is regarded as the key to reduce the risk of infection during surgery.
Second??Dressing indications
Disposable isolation gowns: 1. When contacting patients with infectious diseases transmitted by contact, such as patients with multidrug-resistant bacteria infection. 2. When implementing protective isolation for patients, such as the diagnosis and treatment of patients with large-scale burns and patients with bone transplantation, and nursing. 3. May be splashed by patients’ blood, body fluids, secretions, and excreta. 4. Whether to enter the key departments such as ICU, NICU, protective ward, etc., and need to wear isolation clothing, should be determined by the medical staff’s purpose of entering and contact with patients.
Disposable protective clothing: 1. When contacting a patient with or under the management of a class A infectious disease. 2. When contacting patients with suspected or confirmed SARS, Ebola, MERS, H7N9 avian influenza, etc., follow the latest infection control guidelines.
Disposable surgical gowns: Strictly aseptically sterilized and used in invasive treatment of patients in specialized operating rooms.
Third??Appearance and material requirements
Disposable isolation garments: Disposable isolation garments are usually made of non-woven materials or combined with materials with better barrier properties such as plastic films. Integrity and toughness are made possible through the use of various non-woven fiber splicing techniques rather than the geometric interlocking of woven and knitted materials. The gown should be able to cover the trunk and all clothing to form a physical barrier to the transmission of microorganisms and other substances. It should have anti-penetration, abrasion resistance and tear resistance. The gown can be reused or disposable, without a cap. From the definition of isolation clothing in the Hospital Isolation Technical Specification, there is no requirement for anti-permeation, and the isolation clothing can be waterproof or non-waterproof.
Disposable protective clothing: GB 19082-2009 clearly states that protective clothing consists of a hooded top and pants. Can be divided into one-piece structure and split-type structure. The trouser legs and cuffs are tightened, and the protection level of the protective clothing is higher than that of the isolation clothing. Disposable is generally recommended. As shown in the figure:
The standard clearly states that protective clothing must have liquid barrier functions (water permeability, moisture permeability, resistance to synthetic blood penetration, surface moisture resistance), flame retardancy and antistatic properties, and it must be effective in breaking strength, elongation at break, and filtration. Efficiency is required.
Disposable surgical gown: In 2005, China issued a series of standards related to surgical gowns (YY / T0506). This standard is similar to the European standard EN13795. The standard has clear requirements for the barrier properties, strength, microbial penetration, and comfort of surgical gown materials. . Surgical gowns should be impermeable, sterile, conjoined, and capless. Generally, the cuffs of surgical gowns are elastic bands, which are easy to wear and are suitable for wearing sterile hand gloves. Not only used to protect medical staff from contamination by infectious substances, but also used to protect the sterility of the exposed site of surgery.
In summary
In appearance, protective clothing is well distinguished from gowns and surgical gowns. Surgical gowns and gowns are not very easy to distinguish. They can be distinguished according to the length of the belt (the girdle of the gown should be tied to the front for easy removal. The girdle of the gown is tied at the back).
From a functional perspective, the three have intersections. The requirements for disposable surgical gowns and protective clothing are significantly higher than disposable isolation gowns. In the case of commonly used clinical gowns (such as contact isolation of multidrug-resistant bacteria), disposable surgical gowns and isolation gowns can communicate with each other, but they cannot be replaced by disposable gowns.
From the perspective of the process of putting on and taking off, there are several differences between gowns and surgical gowns: (1) pay attention to the clean surface to avoid contamination when wearing and removing gowns, and surgical gowns pay more attention to aseptic operation; It is done by one person, and the surgical gown must be assisted by the assistant; (3) The isolation gown can be used repeatedly without pollution. Hang on the corresponding area after use, and the surgical gown must be cleaned, disinfected and sterilized before use. Disposable protective clothing is commonly used clinically in microbiology laboratories, negative pressure wards of infectious diseases, Ebola, avian influenza, mers and other epidemics to protect medical personnel from pathogens. The use of all three is an important measure for the prevention and control of infection in hospitals, and has played an important role in protecting patients and medical workers.
The order of Putting on and taking off gowns, protective clothing and surgical gowns
1.?How to wear a gown:
(1) Hold the collar with your right hand, put your left hand into the sleeve, and pull the collar up with your right hand to reveal your left hand.
(2) Hold the collar with your left hand, put your right hand into the sleeve to expose your right hand, raise your hands to shake the sleeve, and be careful not to touch your face.
(3) Hold the collar with both hands, and tie the neckband back from the center of the collar along the edge.
(4) Pull the side of the isolation clothing (about 5cm below the waist) forward gradually, and pinch the edge. Pinch the other edge in the same way.
(5) Align the sides of the garment with your hands behind your back.
(6) Fold to one side, press the fold with one hand, and pull the belt to the fold with the back with the other hand.
(7) Cross the waist belt at the back and fasten the belt back to the front.
Take off the gown method:
(1) Unfasten the belt and tie a knot in front.
(2) Disinfect your hands.
(3) Unfasten the neck strap.
(4) Pull down the gown from the chest with both hands.
(5) Hold the clean surface of the inside of the left collar with your right hand and remove the left sleeve.
(6) Hold the inside of the right collar with your left hand and pull down to remove the right sleeve. Put the contaminated clothing on the inside, roll the collar and the edge to the center, and place it in the designated container.
2. Method of wearing protective clothing:
One-piece or split protective clothing should follow the order of wearing a shirt, then a shirt, a hat, and a zipper.
Method of taking off protective clothing:
(1) Split protective clothing:
1) The zipper should be opened first.
2) Lift the hat up to get your head off the hat.
3) Take off the sleeves, remove the contaminated side inward, and put it in the designated container.
4) The bottom of the shirt should be unrolled from the top to the bottom with the contaminated side facing the inside.
(2) Siamese protective clothing:
1) First pull the zipper to the end.
2) Lift the hat up to get your head off the hat.
3) Take off the sleeves, and roll off the pollution from the top down.
4) Put it in the designated container after taking off.
3. Wearing surgical gown:
(1) Take out a sterile surgical gown from the opened sterile bag, identify the collar, and lift the two corners of the collar with two hands, in a relatively spacious place in the operating room (without obstacles within 1.5 meters in front), and shake Open the surgical gown, taking care not to face the outside of the surgical gown towards yourself.
(2) Throw the surgical gown into the air, and quickly insert both hands into the sleeve.
(3) With both arms straight forward and straight, the roving nurse assisted in pulling and pulling the collar and tie behind, and both hands extended out of the cuffs.
(4) Lean forward, lift the belt, cross your hands, and take the belt behind the touring nurse and fasten it.
Method of taking off surgical gown:
(1) After the aseptic surgery is completed, if another operation is needed, if the gloves are not broken, you don’t need to re-brush your hands, you only need to soak the alcohol or benzalkonium bromide solution for 5 minutes, and you can also use iorcan or sterilization king Rub hands and forearms, then wear sterile surgical gown and gloves.
(2) If the previous operation was a contaminated operation, hands should be washed again before the operation, and then sterile surgical clothes and gloves should be worn.
(3) There is only one operation. The roving nurse can help to unfasten the belt, and then take off the surgical gown and gloves.
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