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To “actuate” means to put something into motion. For valves, actuators are mounted to the valve stem and work as control mechanisms to open or close the valve.
Valves are either powered manually or by automated energy sources including:
Valve actuators are classified by their motion. For example, the two most common types of valve actuators are rotary and linear. Both can be powered by electric, pneumatic or hydraulic energy sources.
Rotary Actuators
Rotary actuators turn in a circular motion and are most often used for the following:
Linear Actuators
These actuators move objects on a straight line, such as a back and forth motion, and are used for:
Rotary valves are available in convenient, compact sizes and offer fast cycle times. Linear valves (globe or gate valves) can be superior to rotary valves (ball valves) when modulation (or throttling) is required. This refers to the actuator’s ability to stop the valve in multiple positions, instead of a simple on/off operation. For applications that require precise control over the flow of media, this enables you to have the valve completely closed, partly open, halfway open or completely open.
Modular actuators are available for ball valves, but these are not always the right solution. This is because as the ball rotates, the amount of flow increases at an exponential rate. It is much more difficult to precisely control the flow through a ball valve than it is with a linear valve such as a globe valve or gate valve.
The tried-and-true method of manual operation is also an option to power valves in certain scenarios.
These valves are powered by hand using levers, handles or wheels to move the valve stem. Although these can be easy to work with and inexpensive to operate, they are not designed for large valves or valves in remote locations.
Pneumatic actuation requires a power source of pressurized air or gas to automate the control of a valve. This type of actuation doesn’t rely on a motor but electricity is necessary if the component is paired with an integral pilot or a solenoid valve.
Rotary Actuators Quarter-turn valves, like ball valves, butterfly valves and plug valves, can utilize two different types of rotary actuators: rack and pinion and scotch yoke. Both work by converting linear motion into rotational motion.
Rack and pinion designs include a piston, rack and pinion. According to Technology.org, “as air pressure increases on one side of the piston, it moves the rack inwards and through a gear connection with the pinion it spins the output rotary shaft.” Rack and pinion actuators are found across the chemical, pharmaceutical, water processing and oil and gas industries.
Scotch yoke designs feature a linear-moving piston connected to the rotary shaft by a pin and slot mechanism. “As the air pressure increases and moves the piston linearly, it spins the rotary shaft through a cam system (pin and slot),” Technology.org explains. “This will then in effect turn the valve and either open or close it.” Scotch yoke actuators are typically found in chemical and general process applications.
Double-Acting Valves These valves use compressed air to open and close the valve. If there is a loss of power, the ball valve will return to the closed position. Double-acting valves are ideal for low to high-cycle applications.If you have any questions on ball valve with pneumatic actuator. We will give the professional answers to your questions.