Reverse Osmosis Membrane Elements
Biological contamination, chemical precipitation and membrane damage are the main causes of the contamination of RO membranes.
Biological contamination (fouling): concentrated impurities can deposit on the membranes, especially during a standstill. Microbiological growth on the membranes, failure of pre-treatment or failure of chemical dosing can also cause the RO membranes to become dirty.
Chemical precipitation (scaling): the precipitation of poorly soluble chemicals on the membrane surface by oversaturation.
Membrane damage: when chemicals react with the membrane and cause damage to it.